Anesthesiology is a specialized branch of medicine, wherein the focus is on perioperative care of patients, encompassing anesthesia, critical care, and pain management before, during, and after any surgical procedure

Anesthesia is an integral part of the surgical process, where medication is administered and a temporary state of unconsciousness or altered sensation is induced, which enable surgeries to be conducted without pain, anxiety or distress to the patient, and with greater precision.

It also involves monitoring vital signs, and managing pain.